Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) Scheme|ICDS Supervisor Kerala PSC
%20Scheme.jpg "Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) Scheme")
In this post, the details of ICDS Scheme is added which are very useful for ICDS Supervisor Exam. Kerala PSC and other states PSC's are conducting Exams for ICDS Supervisor. Study materials are available for other topics also like Home Science, Food and Nutrition, Psychology, Physiology, Microbiology, Sociology and Nutrition and Health for ICDS Supervisor Kerala PSC Exam
Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) Scheme
Integrated Child Development Services is a government programme in India which provides food, preschool education, primary healthcare, immunization, health check-up and referral services to children under 6 years of age and their mothers.
ICDS Scheme Website Details
Children in the age group 0-6 years constitute around 158 million of the population of India (2011 census). These Children are the future human resource of the country. Ministry of Women and Child Development is implementing various schemes for welfare, development and protection of children.
Launched on 2nd October 1975, the Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) Scheme is one of the flagship programmes of the Government of India and represents one of the world’s largest and unique programmes for early childhood care and development.
It is the foremost symbol of country’s commitment to its children and nursing mothers, as a response to the challenge of providing pre-school non-formal education on one hand and breaking the vicious cycle of malnutrition, morbidity, reduced learning capacity and mortality on the other. The beneficiaries under the Scheme are children in the age group of 0-6 years, pregnant women and lactating mothers. Objectives of the Scheme are:
- to improve the nutritional and health status of children in the age-group 0-6 years;
- to lay the foundation for proper psychological, physical and social development of the child;
- to reduce the incidence of mortality, morbidity, malnutrition and school dropout;
- to achieve effective co-ordination of policy and implementation amongst the various departments to promote child development; and
- to enhance the capability of the mother to look after the normal health and nutritional needs of the child through proper nutrition and health education.
Services under ICDS
The ICDS Scheme offers a package of six services, viz.
- Supplementary Nutrition
- Pre-school non-formal education
- Nutrition & health education
- Immunization
- Health check-up and
- Referral services
The last three services are related to health and are provided by the Ministry/Department of Health and Family Welfare through NRHM & Health system. The perception of providing a package of services is based primarily on the consideration that the overall impact will be much larger if the different services develop in an integrated manner as the efficacy of a particular service depends upon the support it receives from the related services.
For better governance in the delivery of the Scheme, convergence is, therefore, one of the key features of the ICDS Scheme. This convergence is in-built in the Scheme which provides a platform in the form of Anganwadi Centres for providing all services under the Scheme.
The delivery of services to the beneficiaries is as follows:
Funding Pattern
Prior to 2005-06, providing of supplementary nutrition was the responsibility of the States and administrative cost was provided by the Government of India as 100% central assistance. The nutrition costs were meagre and coverage of the programme in all villages/habitations was also limited and not universal. Since many States were not providing adequate supplementary nutrition in view of resource constraints, it was decided in 2005-06 to support the States/UTs up to 50% of the financial norms or to support 50% of expenditure incurred by them on supplementary nutrition, whichever is less. Since 2009-10, Government of India has modified the sharing pattern of the ICDS Scheme between the Centre and States. The sharing pattern of supplementary nutrition in respect of North-Eastern States between Centre and States has been changed from 50:50 to 90:10 ratios. In respect of other States/UTs, the existing sharing pattern in respect of supplementary nutrition is 50:50. The existing cost sharing ratio for other components is 90:10 except the new components approved under Strengthening & Restructuring for which it is 75:25 (90:10 for NER).
Population Norms for Setting up of AWCs/Mini-AWCs
The revised population norms for setting up of AWCs and Mini-AWCs are as under:
Services
|
Target Group
|
Service provided by
|
(i) Supplementary Nutrition
|
Children below 6 years,
Pregnant & Lactating Mothers (P&LM)
|
Anganwadi Worker and Anganwadi Helper [MWCD]
|
(ii) Immunization*
|
Children below 6 years,
Pregnant & Lactating Mothers (P&LM)
|
ANM/MO
[Health system, MHFW] |
(iii) Health Check-up*
|
Children below 6 years,
Pregnant & Lactating Mothers (P&LM)
|
ANM/MO/AWW
[Health system, MHFW] |
(iv) Referral Services
|
Children below 6 years,
Pregnant & Lactating Mothers (P&LM)
|
AWW/ANM/MO
[Health system, MHFW] |
(v) Pre-School Education
|
Children 3-6 years
|
AWW
[MWCD] |
(vi) Nutrition & Health Education
|
Women (15-45 years)
|
AWW/ANM/MO
[Health system, MHFW & MWCD] |
Population Norms under ICDS
For AWCs in Rural/Urban Projects
1 AWc
2 AWCs
3 AWCs
Thereafter in multiples of 800 1 AWC
For Mini-AWC
1 Mini-AWC
For Tribal/Riverine/Desert, Hilly and other difficult areas/ Projects
1 AWC
For Mini-AWC
150-300 1 Mini-AWC
Anganwadi on Demand (AOD)
Where a settlement has at least 40 children under 6 years of age but no AWC.
Revised Nutrition and Feeding Norms under Supplementary Nutrition Component of ICDS (revised w.e.f 24 February 2009)
Provision of supplementary nutrition under the ICDS Scheme is primarily made to bridge the gap between the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) and the Average Daily Intake (ADI) of children and pregnant and lactating women.
Under the revised Nutritional and Feeding norms which have been made effective from February 2009, State Governments/UTs have been requested to provide 300 days of supplementary food to the beneficiaries in a year which would entail giving more than one meal to the children from 3-6 years who visit AWCs.
This includes morning snacks in the form of milk/banana/egg/seasonal fruits/micro-nutrient fortified food followed by a hot cooked meal (HCM).
For children below 3 years of age, pregnant and lactating mothers, Take Home Rations (THRs) in the form of pre-mixes/ready-to-eat food are provided.
Besides, for severely underweight children in the age group of 6 months to 6 years, additional food items in the form of micronutrient fortified food and/or energy-dense food as THR is provided. These norms have also been endorsed by the Supreme Court in the order dated 22.04.2009. The extent of nutritional supplements to different types of beneficiaries is indicated below:
Revised Nutritional Norms in ICDS (since February 2009)
| Beneficiaries | Calories | Protein (g) |
|---|---|---|
| Children(6 months to 72 months) | 500 | 12-15 |
| Severely malnourished Children (6 months- 72 months) | 800 | 20-25 |
| Pregnant women and lactating mothers | 600 | 18-20 |
Registration of Beneficiaries
All children below 6 years of age, pregnant women and lactating mothers are eligible for availing of services under the ICDS Scheme. BPL is not a criterion for registration of beneficiaries under ICDS. The Scheme is universal for all categories of beneficiaries and in coverage.
Expansion of ICDS
- Launched in 1975 in 33 Blocks (Projects) with 4891 AWCs.
- Gradually expanded to 5652 Projects with nearly 6 lakh AWCs by the end of the 9th Plan.
- Currently 7076 Projects and 14 lakh AWCs have been approved. This includes a provision of 20,000 AWCs 'on-demand'.
- All 14 lakh AWCs have been sanctioned to the States/UTs
- As on 31.03.2015 13.46 lakh AWCs are Operational.
Revised Financial Norms (w.e.f 22.10.2012)
Financial Norms of Supplementary Nutrition were revised w.e.f. 22.10.2012 to be rolled out in phased manner under the Restructured ICDS.
Revised Financial Norms for Supplementary Nutrition under ICDS.
More details visit ICDS
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