Chera-Chola-Pandya-Classical Period Kerala History-class 3-KAS-Kerala Administrative Services Exam
Classical Period Kerala History
Muziris in the Tabula
Peutingeriana, an itinerarium showing the road network in the Roman Empire.
Kerala's dominant
rulers of the early historic period were the Cheras, a Tamil dynasty with its
headquarters located in Vanchi.
The location of Vanchi
is generally considered near the ancient port city of Muziris in Kerala.
However, Karur in modern Tamil Nadu is also
pointed out as the location of the capital city of Cheras.
Another view suggests
the reign of Cheras from multiple capitals.
The Chera kingdom consisted of a major part of
modern Kerala and Kongunadu which comprises western districts of modern Tamil
Nadu like Coimbatore and Salem.
Old Tamil works such as Patiṟṟuppattu, Patiṉeṇmēlkaṇakku
and Silappatikaram are important sources that describe the Cheras from the
early centuries CE.
Together with the
Cholas and Pandyas the Cheras formed the Tamil triumvirate of the mūvēntar
(Three Crowned Kings).
 |
| Muvendar |
The Cheras ruled the
western Malabar Coast, the Cholas ruled in the eastern Coromandel Coast and the
Pandyas in the south-central peninsula.
chera-chola-pandya-flags
 |
| chera-chola-pandya-flags |
The Cheras were
mentioned as Ketalaputo (Keralaputra) on an inscribed edict of emperor Ashoka
of the Magadha Empire in the 3rd century BCE, as Cerobothra by the Greek
Periplus of the Erythraean Sea and as Celebothras in the Roman encyclopedia
Natural History by Pliny the Elder.
The Mushika kingdom
existed in northern Kerala, while the Ays ruled south of the Chera kingdom.
Three Crowned rulers-Moovendhar
The Three Crowned
rulers, or the Three Glorified by Heaven, or World of the Three, primarily
known as Moovendhar, refers to the triumvirate of Chera, Chola and Pandya who
dominated the politics of the ancient Tamil country, Tamilakam, from their
three Nadu (countries) of Chola Nadu, Pandya Nadu (present day Madurai and
Tirunelveli) and Chera Nadu (present day Karur in Tamil Nadu and Kerala) in
southern India.
They signalled a time of integration and
political identity for the Tamil people.
They would frequently wage war against one
another under a period of instability until the Imperial period of Rajaraja I
who united Tamilakam under one leadership.
KAS Telegram Join HERE
Check These also
Job News
Exam Preparation
kerala formation history
kerala formation
when was kerala formed
chola flag
cholas in kerala
was kerala under chola dynasty
arrival of european in kerala psc questions and answers
![[Set 3] MCQ for ICDS Supervisor Exam|ICDS Supervisor Kerala PSC](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirmpde6UGlx94eDLtWkrJ18PAc_d8GVw_K-4E1izTltkjugPJEyBVplbm_S85f0gxNowfcbT6afCPnAjTF0_TKYK9Lq7zm1fnQU-TPsKEosx0opg5d05b-nry5qBPrKUZMoVD7BOFpW-5jxoAlMCTysmHKi30ieam3tPtA_ohH_Z5D2Uu1PPxt-qZ38wY/s72-c/icds-supervisor-mcq.jpg)
